Window frame and sash construction



R. M. BURNS 1,991,840

WINDOW FRAME AND SASH CONSTRUCTION Filed July 14, 1931 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb. 19, 1935. R. M. BURNS WINDOW FRAME AND SASH CONSTRUCTION 1 v f m 1 |l|: a w HWMMM HWMMMMMMMHN H Q MW %V W J Feb; 19, 1935.

' R, M. BURNS I 1,991,840

WINDOW FRAME AND SAS H CONSTRUCTION Filed July 14, 1951 7 Sheets-Sheet 3 R. M. BURNS WINDOW FRAME AND SASH CONSTRUCTION Filed July 14, 1931 R. M. BURNS WINDOW FRAME AND SASH, CONSTRUCTION Feb. 19, 1935.

Filed July 14, 193]. '7 Sheets-Sheet 5 Feb. 19, 1935. BURNS l 1,991,840

WINDOW FRAME AND SASH CONSTRUCTION Filed July 14, 1951 7 She ets-Sheet '6 Feb. 19, 1935.

R. M. BURNS 1,991,840

Patented Feb. 19, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE WINDOW FRAME AND SASH CONSTRUCTION Robert M.- BurnsQChicaigo, Ill.

Application July 14, 1931, Serial No. 550,723

12 Claims. (01. 2049) invention relates to improvements in windows of that type in'which the sashes are pivoted about a-"horizontal axis to -permit them to be swung inwardly-and thus make the outside surface of the glass available within the room for washing. f

One object of the inve'ntion is to provide sashes of different widths whereby the wider one may be swung'inwa-rdly t'o re'move the obstruction it pre 'se'nts to th'narrow'erbne when it is desired to part of said weather sti'ips in'planes substantially atright angles'to the plane of the sashes, whereby said weather strips do not interfere with the inward swing of the sashes but merely resist the same, due to frictional engagement of the overlapping parts, said friction being sufiicient if desired to hold the sashes in different positions vertically without using the usual cords, pulleys and weights.

Another object is to provide a window in which the sashes carry metal slides, sliding in grooves in the window frame, which slides permit vertical movement without binding, and to which the sashes may be pivoted.

A further object is to provide such a metal slide -window sash with links to limit the inward swing of the sash.

An additional object is to provide means whereby said links may be held in different positions vertically to hold the window sash in any one of a number of different angular positions for purposes of ventilation or otherwise.

A further object is to provide an arrangement of this character in which the inward swinging movement of the-sash is cushioned to prevent breaking of the glass due to the sudden arresting of the swinging movement.

An additional object is to provide a metal window frame in conjunction with certain other sash improvements referred to.

Fig. 1 is a front elevation of one embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 2 is a section thereof on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of part of the mechanism,

Figs. 5 and 6 are perspective views of certain details,

Fig. '7 is a partial sectional elevation of the metal slide and the shoe therein,

' part thereof,

Fig. 15 is an elevation partly in sectionoi' a detail,

Figs. 16 and 17 are sectional views on horizontal planes, of sheet metal Window frames and sashes,

Fig. 18 is a perspective of a modification; and

Fig. 19 is a sectional elevation of a further inodification.

The window frame comprises the usual sill 1, vertical side members 2, which may be hollow and contain the usual sash weights, and the top memher or head 3. The frame in Figs. 1 and 2 is made of wood and in Figs. 16 and 17 of metal.

One of the sashes is wider than the other. In this case, as shown in Fig. 1, the lower sash is wider than the upper sash, although the width of the glass pane exposed is the same in both cases, due to the fact that the stiles 4 of the lower sash are wider than the stiles 5 of the upper sash. The frame as shown in Fig. 3 is rabbeted to accommodate said two sashes and does not have the usual parting strip or inside stop.

A weather strip is arranged at the rear of each of the two sashes. As shown in Fig. 3, it consists in each case of a strip of sheet metal, suitably secured to the rear of the sash and formed with a tongue 6 or compressible loop to frictionally engage stationary channel members '7, preferably made of thin resilient non-rusting metal and located in a groove, the flanges of said channel member being turned inwardly and having such configuration that the aforesaid loop spreads them apart when being forced between the same, and tends to hold said loop against withdrawal, although it may be forcibly withdrawn when the window is swung inwardly, as hereinafter described. This channel member forms a spring grip liner strip for the groove in which it is lo cated and the friction between the liner strip and the tongue may be made such as to hold the sashes in any desired vertical position without the use of sash weights, particularly in the case of small windows, although as shown in Fig. 3, sash weights may be employed.

Referring more-in detail to the portion of the sash and associated parts shown in Fig. 4 in perspective, it will be seen that a sheet metal slide 8 is provided on each side of each sash and slides vertically in a groove in the window frame, being substantially flush with the inner surface of said frame and is in the form of a hollow or boxlike structure with a slot 9 at one side, where the edges almost meet, running from the top to the bottom of the slide, and with a slot 10 on the opposite or inner side, which slot is of less length than the slide. A shoe 11 having a leaf spring 12 secured thereto is arranged to slide up and down in the box-like structure and maintain itself..in any position where it may be left due to the frictional engagement caused by said leaf spring. A

link 13 is pivoted to the window sash by a suitable pin 14 at one end, cooperating with a plate 15 to cause friction between the two and. by a pin;16 at the other end mounted in the shoe 11. Notches 1'7 at one side of the slot 10 provide seats -forthe' pin 16 to thereby hold the latter, and the. 13,-

8. A similar opening 21 is provided near the upper end Eto receive the spring bolt 22 near the upper end of the sash. See Fig. 5. r With the sash in the position shown in Fig; 4, the glass is nearly horizontal and the upper: or outer-surface of it may be readily washed from in the window frame is lined with a sheet metal liner or channel member 30 having its flanges turned toward each other leaving a slot 31 as shown in Figs. 9 and 11. Two sliding members in the form of channels 32, 33 are arranged to slide in said first mentioned channel 30, the steel tape 34 being secured preferably to the lower steel channel 33 as shown in Fig. 9. The lower sash is pivoted to said sliding channel 33 at 35 as shown-in Fig.10, a.washer-.36 being-provided between the. channel and the stile :of tliejsash. A link 37 is also provided which functions in the dmanner previously described, its upper end being pivoted at 3 8 to the upper sliding channel 32.

When the sash is swung inwardly the upper channel 32 descends until it rests on the lower channel 33, thereby positively limiting the inward movement of said-sash and arresting the same in horizontal position or some slightly inclined position. A spring 39 as shown in Fig. 10 may be provided to cushion the downward movement ofthe channel32u- The arrangement. of the upper sash is similar to that of the lower sash and both sashes may be adjusted to substantially horizontal position either near the bottom or nearthe. top of the window frame or in intermediate position as each; have a shoe 42 slidingin the usual groove. 43

- in the window frame 44.-= Said shoe has a shaft-45 within-the room. By -merely=swinging the-sash upwardly to vertical position i-the .shoe 11 is caused .to slide. upwardly and the sash maybe locked in closed position by the spring latch; 22. I1 said sash is pulled inwardly so as to'swing. it only afew degrees for the purpose of ventilating the room, it will be held in such position by the friction shoe 11. If it-is swungfarther down its eilective weight may be great enough to overcome the friction of said shoeand'of the .lower end of the link 13 with plate 15 and irnany case itispreferred to provide the notches 17 whereby, by pulling the sash and hence the link toward the operator, the plum may engage in one of said notches by compressing the spring, 12, the bottoms of said notches each forming a book which resists the return of the shoe to normal position by the spring 12.

To cushion the sash and prevent breaking the glass by swinging said sash violently inward to horizontal or nearly horizontal position, a coiled spring 25 may be located nearthebottom of the slide to be engaged by the shoe 11 when the latter descends, as shown in Fig. 4. Instead of the lower notch 17, the slot then may terminate at whatever point it is desired to have the shoe come to rest when the spring 25 is sufficiently compressed by the weight of the sash transmitted through the link and shoe.

Both the upper and lower sashesmay be equip-- ped in the manner described, with the result that both sashes may be swung inwardly at the top-or bottom as shown in Fig. 2, for purposes of ventilation or cleaning or both.

Where the weight of the sashes and associated parts is to be counter-balanced by the usual weights, a steel tape 26 is preferably fastened to the box-like structure 8 as shown in Fig. 8 or it may be secured to the shoe 11 as shown in Fig. 7.

Said tape passes over theusual pulley-27 to thecounterweight 28 as shown in Fig. 3 in either case. A modified form of theinvention is shown in Figs. 9 to 12 inclusivein which the usual groove to bind in its groove 43 and thus prevent verticalt-hereom-extending-into the sash with a coil spring,46 around said'shaft and connected at oneend, thereto, and at. the other end --to the windowsash. .The shaft is non-rotatable'and the spring window sash iszswung inwardly about said shaft as a pivot;-thespring tends to-restore it to normal '35 is so arranged that when'the .upper partof thevertical position, the reaction causing the: shoe 42- I movement. Also, the SEShriS cushioned to prevent breakage when-swung open. the sash can be swung inwardly at any position vertically,

and frictionally held against accidentalmovement upwardly or downwardly.

The grooves 43 may have metal linersor channels 47 therein if desired. .The metal tape 48 may tend the full height. of the: sashes; in which case be secured to the shoe 42 at 49 as shown in Fig. 15.

Asa further modification the window frame may be made of sheet metal as shown in Figs. 16 and 17 and any of the previously described sash arrangements used in conjunction therewith.

In Fig. 16 the sheet metal frame 50 is shown in I section as a. box-like structure having an outside stop 51 formed integrally therewith with a groove 52 therein facing forwardly to receive the weather strip previously described. The groove 53 is also formed to receive the sliding structures previouslydescribed. A further groove 54 receives the weather strip of the lower sash and a side groove 55 receives the slidingmembers to which the sash is pivoted. Both sashes mayalso be made of sheet metal, the stile of the upper sash being shown in section at 56 andithelower one at 57.

In Fig. 17 the structure is similar except-that by the bolt 22, shown in Fig. 5 and previously exa plained, butv said slides need :notnecessarily. "exthe locking'bolt is preferably made wide enough to substantially fill the groove in the side of the window frame. This modification is illustrated in Fig. 18 in which the spring bolt 61 has the necessary width. This bolt and the shorter slides may be used witli the various-other features previously described herein.

In Fig. 19 I have illustrated a further modification in the frame construction, either metal or wood, in which the relation of the two sashes to the frame is such that the lower or inner sash may be raised as high as possible and the upper or outer sash lowered to such point that it may be swung inwardly to clear the inner sash. To

accomplish this purpose the runway 62 for the inner sash 63 extends higher than is customarily the case, the head 64 being raised or rabbeted for this purpose. It will be seen that the lower and upper sashes overlap each other as is usual, and therefore the amount that the runway 62 is increased must be at least as great as said overlap at the meeting rails 6566, except that as a further alternative the lower sill 67 may be cut away or lowered to increase the runway for the outer sash as shown. The combined increase of said two runways must exceed said overlap.

With the arrangement provided, the upper sash may be lowered and swung inwardly to wash the outside thereof without necessarily swinging the inner sash inwardly, said inner sash being first raised to uppermost position.

It will be understood that the upper and lower sashes in the form shown in Fig. 19 may be pivoted to swing inwardly in any of the several ways previously described.

What I claim is:

1. A window frame having slots in the vertical side walls thereof, a hollow sheet metal structure in each of said slots, a shoe slidable in each of said hollow structures, a window sash between two of said sheet metal structures and connected to each of said shoes.

2. A window frame having slots in the sides thereof, a hollow sheet metal structure in each of said slots and substantially flush with said sides, a shoe slidable in each of said hollow structures, a window sash between two of said sheet metal structures and connected to each, a friction device on each side of said sash and links connected each at one end to one of said shoes and at the other end to one of said friction devices.

3. The combination with a window frame having a groove, of a hollow box-like structure therein with a slot in the wall, a shoe in said box-like structure, a pin in said shoe projecting through said slot, 2. sash pivoted to said box-like structure, a link connecting said sash and said pin, notches in the side wall of said slot to provide abutments for said pin, and a spring associated with said shoe for holding the latter normally in position to cause said pin to clear said abutments.

4. In a device of the class described, a window sash, a sheet metal frame therefor, a pivotal connection between said sash and said frame, a shoe slidable longitudinally with reference to said frame, a link connecting said shoe with said sash, and a spring associated with said frame to cushion the movement of said shoe at one end of its travel.

5. A window frame, the side walls of which increase in thickness from the inside to the outside providing a wider runway for the lower sash than for the upper, a sash fitting each of said runways having openings therethrough of the'same filling each of said grooves, a pivotal connection between each sash and the corresponding slidable structure whereby the sides of said sash are substantially flush with the adjacent surfaces of the window frame, and weather strips at the rear of each of said sashes and consisting of two engaging members in each case, one of which is carried by the sash and the other of which is received within a groove in said frame whereby the sashes may be swung inwardly to afford ventilation and permit cleaning of the outer surfaces of the glass.

6. A window frame having slots in the sides thereof, a sheet metal liner fixed in said slots, super-imposed metal shoes, slidable in said liner, and a sash pivoted to one of said shoes and having a link connecting it to the other of said shoes.

7. A window frame having slots in the sides thereof, a sheet metal liner fixed in said slots, super-imposed metal shoes slidable in said liner, a sash pivoted to the lower of said shoes and having a link connecting it to the upper of said shoes, counterweights and pulleys associated with said frame, flexible members extending from said counterweights over said pulleys to one of said shoes in each side of said window frame and a spring carried by the one of said shoes to cushion the other of said shoes when the latter approaches the former.

8. The combination with a window frame having runways in the vertical parallel walls thereof, of an inner and outer sash overlapping at the middle, slides fitting in and sliding vertically in said runways, sashes fitting against said vertical walls at opposite sides thereof and pivoted to said slides, one of said runways extending beyond the other, whereby both of said sashes may be moved to such position that they do not overlap and means for causing said slides to frictionally grip said runways when the sash is in inclined position, whereby said sash may be swung inwardly and supported by said slides in any position of vertical adjustment of said sash in said window frame.

9. The combination with a window frame having inner vertical walls, a groove in each wall, a shoe slidable in each groove, a sash of a width to substantially fit between said vertical walls, a pivot pin fixed in each shoe and extending into said sash and means tending to rotate said shoe when said sash is swung about said pivot pins thereby causing said shoes to bind in said grooves.

10. The combination with a window frame having inner vertical walls, a groove in each wall, a shoe slidable in each groove, a sash of a width to substantially fit between said vertical walls, a pivot pin fixed in each shoe and extending into said sash and a helical spring surrounding each pin and cooperating with said shoe and said sash to resist inward swinging movement of the latter, whereby said shoe frictionally engages the groove to resist vertical movement therein.

11. The combination with a window frame having inner vertical walls, a groove in each wall, a shoe slidable in each groove, a sash of a width to substantially fit between said vertical walls, a pivot pin fixed in each shoe and extending into said sash, means tending to rotate said shoe when said sash is swung about said pivot pins thereby causing said shoes to bind in said grooves anda flexible counter-Weighted member attached to eachof said shoes.

12. The combination with a window frame having inner vertical walls, a groove in each wall,

5 a shoe slidable in each groove, a sash of a width to substantially fit between said vertical walls and. pivoted to said shoes, a flexible counterweighted member attached to each of said shoes,

stops outside of said sash and interfitting means on each stop and." on said sash to form aweather strip when said sash is in closed position.

. ROBERT M. BURNS. 

